心脏病并不会阻止你献血

As blood centers and hospitals face critically low levels of blood supplies, many people with heart disease may wonder if they can help by donating.

专家说，在大多数情况下，他们可以安全地这样做.

一般来说，在美国的人.S. needs blood about every two seconds for reasons that may include surgery, 癌症治疗, 分娩, 贫血, 严重受伤或血液紊乱.

事实上, a surprising number of potential blood donors are those with a history of medical conditions, 包括心脏病, 谁仍然坚定不移地想要献血, 博士说. Alcinda Flowers, medical director of Versiti, a Milwaukee-based blood center.

"They're often the ones that want to donate because they've been in the hospital and they've been affected themselves by the need for blood,她说. “他们可以同情他人."

Every year, more than 11 million units of whole blood are donated in the U.S.，根据… 美国食品药品监督管理局. 然而, 只有大约3%的符合条件的人献血, 美国红十字会说, which in January reported an emergency blood supply shortage after reaching a 20-year low in the number of donors. Winter storms and a surge in COVID-19 cases likely further disrupted supplies.

The FDA regulates the safety of blood products primarily to protect blood recipients, 各个血液中心的捐献要求也各不相同.

Blood centers screen all potential donors with a questionnaire to determine which people can safely give blood, 花说.

根据 美国国立卫生研究院, people with a cold or the flu can't donate blood until they have been symptom-free for 48 hours, 针对COVID-19和其他疾病有不同的限制.

然而, people who have heart disease can be considered for blood donation, 花说.

除了, 大多数患有高血压的人, 或高血压, can donate blood and do so if their systolic blood pressure (top number) is below 180 millimeters of mercury and diastolic (bottom number) is 100 mmHg at the time of donation.

The Red Cross recommends a six-month wait or longer for those who have had a heart attack, 最近的心绞痛发作, 搭桥手术或血管成形术, or if a change in their heart condition resulted in a medication change.

People who use blood thinners or other anti-clotting or antiplatelet medications must disclose all their medications during their health screenings because donating blood may be harmful to them, 以及接受者, 花说.

Bottom line: It's a good idea for those with heart conditions to check with their health care team before donating blood, 花说.

Dr. 托奇Okwuosa, a cardiologist and director of the cardio-oncology program at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, 这是一般的经验法则, 血红蛋白计数低的人不应该献血. The Red Cross requires female donors to have a minimum hemoglobin level of 12.每分升5克，男性献血者至少每分升13克.

That's because hemoglobin determines the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity, Okwuosa说. And donors could run a risk that not enough oxygen will be carried to their tissues and organs.

Such donors with heart failure could experience an episode or those with coronary artery disease could have a heart attack, Okwuosa说.

People with heart conditions also may feel more fatigued or short of breath after donating blood, 或者服用利尿剂, 他们可能会变得更加脱水和昏厥, 她说.

But donating blood should be fine for people whose high blood pressure or high cholesterol are well controlled, Okwuosa说.

最终, 如果你足够健康的话, giving blood can be beneficial for everyone because it can feel good to help others, 她说. “这是正确的做法."